Landau Lab

Underneath the list

Sources and credits

Every source on screen in the 1:38 opening, segment by segment, as in the web cut (TNU_opening_v0.5_web). Times are positions in the film.

No image in the film was generated by AI. Everything that looks like data is real data, credited below; the glass, light, camera moves and type are designed, and where a layout or count is illustrative the entry says so. The narration voice is synthetic and the music was generated (see Sound). The end card reads "PROTOTYPE V0.1 · MADE ONLY WITH PUBLIC DATA": every source is published, and each carries its own licence, listed here.

Licence key: CC0 = public-domain dedication; PD = public domain (US government work); CC BY / CC BY-SA / CC BY-NC / CC BY-NC-ND = Creative Commons Attribution (/ShareAlike /NonCommercial /NoDerivatives), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/; OFL = SIL Open Font License 1.1. © = all rights reserved, shown with credit.

1. The list (0:00.0-0:18.5)

PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (the form on the light table, 0:00.6-0:08.4) - On screen: "PHQ-9 · A PATIENT QUESTIONNAIRE BUILT ON THE NINE DSM CRITERIA · KROENKE, SPITZER & WILLIAMS 2001" - Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med 2001;16(9):606-613. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x - Form: PHQ-9 (English, page 1), phqscreeners.com. Developed by Drs Robert L. Spitzer, Janet B.W. Williams, Kurt Kroenke and colleagues, with an educational grant from Pfizer Inc. - Licence: the form states "No permission required to reproduce, translate, display or distribute." Shown unaltered.

DSM-5, Major depressive disorder, Criterion A (the rule behind the 3x3 glyph and the 227 combinations) - On screen: "DSM-5 · MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER · CRITERION A" - American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013. - Use: the nine symptom labels are our short paraphrases, not quoted text. The 227 combinations (at least 5 of 9, including depressed mood or loss of interest) were computed by us: 105 + 77 + 35 + 9 + 1.

Zimmerman et al. 2015 (abstract card with "227 possible ways" marked, and an enlarged pull-quote of its first line, 0:10.4-0:12.6) - On screen: "ZIMMERMAN ET AL. 2015 · COMPR PSYCHIATRY 56:29" / "170 OF THE 227 SEEN IN >1,500 PATIENTS" - Zimmerman M, Ellison W, Young D, Chelminski I, Dalrymple K. How many different ways do patients meet the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder? Compr Psychiatry 2015;56:29-34. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.09.007 (PMID 25266848) - Shown: a screenshot of the abstract page at europepmc.org/article/MED/25266848 (captured 8 Nov 2026): the title block and the abstract's first lines. Quoted line: "There are 227 possible ways to meet the symptom criteria". - © Elsevier Inc. (all rights reserved; the article is not open access). Shown as a short, credited quotation.

Fried & Nesse 2015 (chart card, 0:12.5-0:14.2) - On screen: "DATA: FRIED & NESSE 2015 · J AFFECT DISORD 172:96" / "501 PROFILES SEEN IN ONLY ONE PERSON" - Fried EI, Nesse RM. Depression is not a consistent syndrome: an investigation of unique symptom patterns in the STARD study. J Affect Disord* 2015;172:96-102. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.010 (PMC4397113) - Shown: our own chart in the film's style, re-plotted from the paper's published numbers: the 30 most common symptom profiles (digitised from their Fig. 1 and checked against their Table 2), plus 1,030 profiles, 3,703 patients, 12 symptoms and 501 single-person profiles from the abstract. The paper's figure itself is not reproduced. - Article © Elsevier. Only facts and numbers are used.

2. One name (0:18.5-0:27.7)

Human cortical pyramidal neurons (the glass roots under every tile) - 14 reconstructions from the Allen Cell Types Database (Allen Institute for Brain Science, celltypes.brain-map.org), via NeuroMorpho.Org, archive "Allen Cell Types". NeuroMorpho IDs 87029, 162112, 162114, 162122, 162130, 162134, 162139, 162143, 162145, 162146, 162161, 162167, 162184, 162190. - References: Berg J et al. 2021, "Human neocortical expansion involves glutamatergic neuron diversification", Nature 598:151-158, doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03813-8 (preprint doi:10.1101/2020.03.31.018820; 13 cells). Koch C, Jones A 2016, "Big Science, Team Science, and Open Science for Neuroscience", Neuron 92:612-616, doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.019 (cell 87029). - Repository: Ascoli GA, Donohue DE, Halavi M 2007, "NeuroMorpho.Org: a central resource for neuronal morphologies", J Neurosci 27:9247-9251, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2055-07.2007. https://neuromorpho.org - Licence: CC BY 4.0 (NeuroMorpho.Org terms, https://neuromorpho.org/useterm.jsp). Branch paths are as reconstructed; diameters thickened so they read on screen.

The floor of tiles: the 227 symptom combinations that meet DSM-5 criterion A for major depression (American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5, 2013), counted by us. No image used.

3. Biotypes (0:27.7-0:41.4)

Real footage and figures - Live microglia: Gu X et al. 2023, "Imaging microglia surveillance during sleep-wake cycles in freely behaving mice", eLife 12:RP86749, doi:10.7554/eLife.86749, Figure 1-video 1. CC BY 4.0. Frame-selected 30 to 24 fps, cropped to remove the time label. - Osimo EF, Baxter LJ, Lewis G, Jones PB, Khandaker GM 2019, "Prevalence of low-grade inflammation in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of CRP levels", Psychological Medicine 49(12):1958-1970, doi:10.1017/S0033291719001454. Page 1 (top) and Fig 1 (forest plot), with our highlights. CC BY 4.0. - Tozzi L et al. 2024, "Personalized brain circuit scores identify clinically distinct biotypes in depression and anxiety", Nature Medicine 30(7):2076-2087, doi:10.1038/s41591-024-03057-9. Page 1 (top) and Fig 3 panels a-f, re-arranged into a grid. CC BY 4.0.

Photos (Wikimedia Commons) - CRP latex slide test: "CRP Test-Positive Qualitative Method.jpg", Ajay Kumar Chaurasiya, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CRP_Test-Positive_Qualitative_Method.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped). - MRI scanner: "Siemens MAGNETOM Skyra 3T Taiwan 20241120.jpg", Yu tptw, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Siemens_MAGNETOM_Skyra_3T_Taiwan_20241120.jpg. CC BY-SA 4.0 (cropped).

3D data - Human pyramidal neurons: the same 14 Allen Cell Types reconstructions as segment 2 (NeuroMorpho.Org, CC BY 4.0). - Mouse hippocampal microglia 24 h after an immune challenge (LPS): 40 reconstructions, NeuroMorpho.Org archive Bilkei-Gorzo (IDs 106449-106488). Ativie F et al. 2018, "Cannabinoid 1 receptor signaling on hippocampal GABAergic neurons influences microglial activity", Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 11:295, doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00295. CC BY 4.0. Placed on the neurons' own dendrites; human neurons and mouse microglia are mixed by design. - White-matter tracts: HCP-1065 population tractography atlas. Yeh F-C 2022, "Population-based tract-to-region connectome of the human brain and its hierarchical topology", Nature Communications 13:4933, doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32595-4; data from the HCP WU-Minn consortium; https://brain.labsolver.org/hcp_trk_atlas.html. CC BY-SA 4.0. Six left-hemisphere bundles (C_FP_L, UF_L, AF_L, IFOF_L, SLF2_L, FAT_L), subsampled, shown as glass in an exploded view.

4. One treatment (0:41.4-0:55.1)

PDB 5I71: the human serotonin transporter with escitalopram (0:42.8-0:43.7; the structure is on screen from 0:41.4) - On screen: "ESCITALOPRAM, THE ACTIVE HALF OF CITALOPRAM, IN ITS TARGET" / "THE SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER · X-RAY, PDB 5I71 · COLEMAN ET AL. 2016" - Coleman JA, Green EM, Gouaux E. X-ray structures and mechanism of the human serotonin transporter. Nature 2016;532(7599):334-339. doi:10.1038/nature17629 - Data: wwPDB entry 5I71 (rcsb.org/structure/5I71), CC0 1.0. We computed and rendered our own molecular surface; the membrane and the copies of the transporter are illustrative.

STAR*D, level 1: Trivedi et al. 2006 (the 2,876 lights, 0:43.8-0:49.2; the page, about 0:46.9-0:48.8) - On screen: "STARD · STEP 1 · CITALOPRAM" / "TRIVEDI MH ET AL. 2006, AM J PSYCHIATRY 163:28-40" / "REMISSION: 943 OF 2,876 BY QIDS-SR (33%) · 790 BY HAM-D (28%)" / "ONE DOT = ONE PERSON. WHICH ONES LIGHT IS ILLUSTRATIVE; THE COUNTS AND WEEKS ARE THE PAPER'S" - Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Wisniewski SR, Nierenberg AA, Warden D, Ritz L, et al. Evaluation of outcomes with citalopram for depression using measurement-based care in STARD: implications for clinical practice. Am J Psychiatry 2006;163(1):28-40. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.28 (PMID 16390886) - Numbers used: N = 2,876; remission 943 (QIDS-SR, 33%) and 790 (HAM-D, 28%); week of first remission from their Fig. 3. Which dots light is illustrative, because individual STAR*D data are restricted (NIMH Data Archive). - The page: page 28 of the article (Results column) is shown for about 1.5 s, with focus pulled to the sentence "Remission rates were 28% (HAM-D) and 33% (QIDS-SR)". On screen: "P. 28 · © AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION". - © American Psychiatric Association (Am J Psychiatry 163:1, January 2006). Shown as a short, credited quotation.

Human cortical neurons (the glass roots under the people, from about 0:49.4; no on-screen credit) - 33 reconstructions of human pyramidal neurons (middle temporal gyrus) from the Allen Cell Types Database, Allen Institute for Brain Science (celltypes.brain-map.org), via NeuroMorpho.Org. The cell followed down is H16-03-002-01-06-01_549379618_m (NeuroMorpho ID 86957, layer 3). The full list with IDs is in A/lookdev/SOURCES.md. - Cite: Ascoli GA, Donohue DE, Halavi M. NeuroMorpho.Org: a central resource for neuronal morphologies. J Neurosci 2007;27(35):9247-9251. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2055-07.2007. Original reference for the Allen cells (as listed by NeuroMorpho.Org): Koch C, Jones A. Big science, team science, and open science for neuroscience. Neuron 2016;92(3):612-616. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.019 - Licence: CC BY 4.0 (NeuroMorpho.Org terms of use). Cells are rotated, scaled and placed for display, and axons are left out; tying a neuron to a "person" is a visual metaphor.

5. Every level (0:55.1-1:04.3)

  1. Genes. Zhang M et al. 2023, "Molecularly defined and spatially resolved cell atlas of the whole mouse brain", Nature 624:343-354, doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06808-9; MERFISH dataset Zhuang-ABCA-1 (section .087 and the sections anterior to it), Allen Brain Cell Atlas (Allen Institute for Brain Science). Data CC BY 4.0. Cell-type colours from the Allen whole-mouse-brain taxonomy: Yao Z et al. 2023, "A high-resolution transcriptomic and spatial atlas of cell types in the whole mouse brain", Nature 624:317-332, doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06812-z (colours CC BY-NC 4.0). Rendered by us from the cell table.
  2. Molecules. PDB 3KG2, GluA2 AMPA receptor: Sobolevsky AI, Rosconi MP, Gouaux E 2009, "X-ray structure, symmetry and mechanism of an AMPA-subtype glutamate receptor", Nature 462:745-756, doi:10.1038/nature08624; https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3KG2. CC0. Rendered by us; the membrane, spacing and light are illustrative.
  3. Synapses. CryoET Data Portal dataset 10443 (Position_118: rat hippocampal synaptosome tomogram with membrane and synaptic-vesicle segmentations), Mallak Ali, Julia Peukes, Yue Yu, Ariana Peck, Chan Zuckerberg Imaging Institute, 2024; https://cryoetdataportal.czscience.com/datasets/10443. CC0. Meshed and rendered by us.
  4. Circuits. HCP-1065 tractography atlas (Yeh 2022, as in segment 3), 77 bundles, coloured by direction. CC BY-SA 4.0.
  5. The immune system. "T Lymphocyte.jpg", colourised scanning electron micrograph, NIAID (NIH), https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:T_Lymphocyte.jpg (Flickr 51629906514). CC BY 2.0.
  6. Memory. Roy DS et al. 2022, "Brain-wide mapping reveals that engrams for a single memory are distributed across multiple brain regions", Nature Communications 13:1799, doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29384-4, Supplementary Movie 2 (50-53 s). CC BY 4.0. Cropped, colour-mapped.
  7. Behaviour. Three rats interacting, tracked point by point with CoTracker3. Footage: Klibaite U et al. 2025, TRIADS dataset, Harvard Dataverse, doi:10.7910/DVN/CYDZ2F, CC0 1.0; paper: "Mapping the landscape of social behavior", Cell 188:2249-2266, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2025.01.044 (CC BY 4.0). Point tracks: CoTracker3, Karaev N et al. 2024, "CoTracker3: Simpler and Better Point Tracking by Pseudo-Labelling Real Videos", arXiv:2410.11831 (Meta AI; model weights CC BY-NC 4.0), run by us.
  8. Blood. Human red blood cells, colourised scanning electron micrograph, David Gregory & Debbie Marshall, Wellcome Collection B0004827, https://wellcomecollection.org/works/tray5aca. CC BY 4.0.

6. Back again (1:04.3-1:22.6)

Rat and human brains (shot A) - Rat brain surface and MRI slices: Waxholm Space atlas of the Sprague Dawley rat brain. Kleven H et al. 2023, "Waxholm Space atlas of the rat brain: a 3D atlas supporting data analysis and integration", Nature Methods 20:1822-1829, doi:10.1038/s41592-023-02034-3. CC BY 4.0 (ShareAlike observed as a precaution; see note 5). - Human brain surface and MRI slices: Allen Human Reference Atlas. Ding S-L et al. 2016, "Comprehensive cellular-resolution atlas of the adult human brain", Journal of Comparative Neurology 524:3127-3481, doi:10.1002/cne.24080; Allen Institute for Brain Science. CC BY 4.0 (as recorded by seg 6). - Both atlases accessed through BrainGlobe: Claudi F et al. 2020, "BrainGlobe Atlas API: a common interface for neuroanatomical atlases", Journal of Open Source Software 5(54):2668, doi:10.21105/joss.02668.

The eight level plates (shots B-D; renders of real open data made for segment 5's earlier version) - Genes: human BDNF gene region, NCBI RefSeqGene NG_011794.2 (exons of NM_001709.5), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NG_011794.2. PD (NCBI). - Molecules: PDB 30PU, "Structure of a TrkB:BDNF complex", Briggs DC, McDonald NQ; Briggs DC et al. 2026, "A sulfotyrosine-motif in the human TrkB extracellular domain is required for activation by the agonist antibody ZEB85", PNAS. https://www.rcsb.org/structure/30PU. CC0. - Synapses: EMDB EMD-55442, mouse hippocampal CA1 synapse, cryo-electron tomogram. Glynn C et al. 2025, "A generalizable and targeted molecular biopsy approach for in situ cryogenic electron tomography of vitreous brain tissue", Cell Reports Methods 5 (PMID 40527314). https://www.ebi.ac.uk/emdb/EMD-55442. EMDB data: free of restriction (CC0). - Circuits: HCP-1065 tractography atlas (Yeh 2022, as above). CC BY-SA 4.0. - Immune system: 59 rat nucleus-accumbens microglia, NeuroMorpho.Org archive Gaspar. Gaspar R et al. 2021, "Resilience to stress and sex-specific remodeling of microglia and neuronal morphology in a rat model of anxiety and anhedonia", Neurobiology of Stress 14:100302, doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100302. CC BY 4.0. Arranged for display. - Memory: DANDI 002047, Plusnin V, Rogozhnikova O, Sotskov V, Pospelov N, Ivanova A, Savelev N, Toropova K, Ivashkina O, Anokhin K, "Hippocampal CA1 one-photon calcium imaging and pose-tracked behavior in wild-type and 5xFAD mice across four behavioral paradigms", DANDI Archive, https://dandiarchive.org/dandiset/002047. CC BY 4.0. - Behaviour: Rat 7M. Marshall JD et al. 2021, "Continuous whole-body 3D kinematic recordings across the rodent behavioral repertoire", Neuron 109:420-437, doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2020.11.016; data https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5295370. CC BY 4.0. - Blood: "SEM blood cells.jpg", scanning electron micrograph of normal human blood, Bruce Wetzel and Harry Schaefer, National Cancer Institute, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SEM_blood_cells.jpg. PD.

The nine instrument cards 1. nanoScan PET/MR (Mediso) at the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital. Photo: Aarhus University Hospital (AUH facilities web page). 2. BeaQuant real-time autoradiography (ai4R) at the Department of Nuclear Medicine. Photo: Landau Lab, 2026. 3. Nanopore sequencing (MinION): "MinION portable sequencer.png", Mongan A.E., from Mongan AE, Tuda JSB, Runtuwene LR 2020, "Portable sequencer in the fight against infectious disease", J Hum Genet 65:35-40, doi:10.1038/s10038-019-0675-4; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MinION_portable_sequencer.png. CC BY 4.0. 4. nCounter (NanoString): "NCounter® Analysis System.jpg", Paultmoon, Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0. 5. Electron microscopy: "CSIRO ScienceImage 2913 Operating an Electron Microscope.jpg", CSIRO (Textile and Fibre Technology), https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CSIRO_ScienceImage_2913_Operating_an_Electron_Microscope.jpg. CC BY 3.0. 6. Fluorescence microscopy: "Microscope à fluorescence (Ifremer 00642-75447 - 30190).jpg", Olivier Dugornay / Ifremer, Wikimedia Commons. CC BY 4.0. 7. Fibre photometry (RWD R820): product photo, RWD Life Science (via the distributor npi electronic). 8. Behaviour tracking: camera frame from the PAIR-R24M dataset, Marshall JD et al. 2021, "The PAIR-R24M Dataset for Multi-animal 3D Pose Estimation", doi:10.1101/2021.11.23.469743; data doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.17032895. CC BY 4.0. 9. Multiplex immunoassay (Luminex 200): product photo from the Luminex 200 IS 2.3 user manual cover, Luminex Corporation.

Building transition (the stack becomes the Forum tower, 1:19-1:23) - Orthophoto: GeoDanmark / Klimadatastyrelsen, spring orthophoto ("ortofoto forår") of the AUH Skejby campus, including the roof of the Forum. CC BY 4.0 (terms: https://www.geodanmark.dk/home/vejledninger/vilkaar-for-data-anvendelse/). Tiles served by Septima's OSM tile proxy. Graded to the film's navy. - Facts (not images): Forum height 61 m, 14 storeys, opened 7 Sep 2022, from Aarhus University Hospital, "Rundt om AUH" (https://www.auh.dk/siteassets/05-tilbud/gardhaver-og-gature/rundt-om-auh.pdf); TNU's address from https://tnu.au.dk/. Footprint measured by us on the orthophoto.

7. Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (1:22.6-1:31.7)

As in the current cut (9 Nov 2026). Every picture is a figure published in a paper that the named group leader co-authored. The figures keep their published colours; the only changes are cropping, exposure and the size they are shown at. Nothing in this segment was made by an AI model.

The nine pictures in the ring (clockwise from the top)

  1. Gregers Wegener: rat hippocampus (CA1), transmission electron micrograph. Ardalan M, Wegener G, Rafati AH, Nyengaard JR. S-Ketamine Rapidly Reverses Synaptic and Vascular Deficits of Hippocampus in Genetic Animal Model of Depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017;20(3):247-256, Figure 3. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyw098. Licence: CC BY-NC 4.0. Changes: cropped, darkened, shown smaller.
  2. Anne M Landau: Göttingen minipig brain, [3H]UCB-J autoradiography. Thomsen MB, Schacht AC, Alstrup AKO, Jacobsen J, Lillethorup TP, Bærentzen SL, Noer O, Orlowski D, Elfving B, Müller HK, Brooks DJ, Landau AM. Preclinical PET Studies of [11C]UCB-J Binding in Minipig Brain. Mol Imaging Biol 2020;22(5):1290-1300, Figure 4a (one panel). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-020-01506-8. © World Molecular Imaging Society 2020 (Springer). All rights reserved. Changes: cropped to one panel, enlarged.
  3. Cecilie Bay-Richter: rat prefrontal cortex, microglia (Iba1 immunostaining). Kjærgaard K, Mikkelsen ACD, Landau AM, ... Bay-Richter C, Thomsen KL. Cognitive dysfunction in early experimental metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is associated with systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation. JHEP Rep 2024;6(3):100992, Figure 3A. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100992. Licence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Changes: cropped, darkened, enlarged.
  4. Betina Elfving: human post-mortem hippocampus, miR-124-3p (miRNAscope in situ hybridisation). Søkilde R, Kaadt E, Kristensen LS, Venø MT, Kjems J, Nyengaard JR, Nielsen BS, ... Elfving B. Application of microRNA In Situ Hybridization on Long-term Stored Human Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Brain Samples from Psychiatric Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2025;62(10):12736-12746, Figure 6. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-025-05077-z. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Changes: cropped, darkened, slightly softened, then enlarged.
  5. Heidi Kaastrup Müller: mouse hippocampal neuron in culture: sortilin, NSG1 and MAP2 (confocal microscopy; cultures made at the University of New Mexico). Overby M, Serrano-Rodriguez A, Dadras S, ... Müller HK. Neuron-specific gene NSG1 binds to and positively regulates sortilin ectodomain shedding via a metalloproteinase-dependent mechanism. J Biol Chem 2023;299(12):105446, Figure 1D. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105446. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Changes: cropped, slightly softened, then enlarged.
  6. Caroline Biojone: rat cortical neuron in culture, mCherry, with the nitric-oxide brake blocked (NPA); one representative cell. Biojone C, Casarotto PC, Cannarozzo C, Fred SM, Herrera-Rodríguez R, Lesnikova A, Voipio M, Castrén E. nNOS-induced tyrosine nitration of TRKB impairs BDNF signaling and restrains neuronal plasticity. Prog Neurobiol 2023;222:102413, Figure 4A. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102413. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Changes: tones inverted (shown white on black; published black on white), cropped.
  7. Liliana Minichiello: mouse hippocampus at P21, tdTomato and DAPI (genetic labelling; work done at the University of Oxford). Badurek S, Griguoli M, Asif-Malik A, ... Delgado-García JM, Cherubini E, Minichiello L. Immature Dentate Granule Cells Require Ntrk2/Trkb for the Formation of Functional Hippocampal Circuitry. iScience 2020;23(5):101078, Figure 1C. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101078. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Changes: cropped to the left of the figure's printed zoom box, brightened, slightly softened, then enlarged.
  8. Lia Parada Iglesias: mouse hippocampus, CB1 and TRPV1 receptors with DAPI (confocal microscopy; work done in Brazil). Iglesias LP, Fernandes HB, de Miranda AS, ... Moreira FA. TRPV1 modulation of contextual fear memory depends on stimulus intensity and endocannabinoid signalling in the dorsal hippocampus. Neuropharmacology 2023;224:109314, Figure 2C. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109314. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Changes: cropped, slightly softened, then enlarged.
  9. Pedro Gobira: extracellular vesicles from rat prefrontal cortex, negative stain, transmission electron micrograph. Gobira PH, Lima-Bastos S, Rossi R, Vægter CB, Chen F, Silva NR, Müller HK, Joca S, ... Grassi-Oliveira R. Morphine reprograms brain-derived extracellular vesicle cargo associated with synaptic remodeling in the prefrontal cortex. Neurobiol Dis 2026;227:107501, Figure 1C. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2026.107501. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Changes: darkened, shown smaller.

All nine are masked to a segment of the ring and fade into its dark edge. A dark plate sits under each name.

The papers behind the title

Real first pages of the groups' papers, shown small, tilted, out of focus, tinted blue and dimmed, as cards in depth behind the unit's name. Front to back:

  • Treccani G, Ardalan M, Chen F, Musazzi L, Popoli M, Wegener G, Nyengaard JR, Müller HK. S-Ketamine Reverses Hippocampal Dendritic Spine Deficits in Flinders Sensitive Line Rats Within 1 h of Administration. Mol Neurobiol 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-019-1613-3. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019. All rights reserved.
  • Ardalan M, Wegener G, Rafati AH, Nyengaard JR. S-Ketamine Rapidly Reverses Synaptic and Vascular Deficits of Hippocampus in Genetic Animal Model of Depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017;20(3):247-256. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyw098. CC BY-NC 4.0.
  • Diniz CRAF, Crestani AP, Casarotto PC, Biojone C, Cannarozzo C, Winkel F, ... Castrén E, Resstel LBM. Fluoxetine and Ketamine Enhance Extinction Memory and Brain Plasticity by Triggering the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Proteolytic Pathway. Biol Psychiatry 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.06.021. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
  • Bærentzen SL, Waszkiewicz AL, Thomsen M, Knudsen C, Elfving B, Landau AM. A single subanaesthetic dose of the rapid-acting antidepressant S-ketamine raises presynaptic SV2A density in limbic regions of the Wistar Kyoto rat model of depression. Neurosci Appl 2024;3:104079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2024.104079. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
  • Moliner R, Girych M, Brunello CA, Kovaleva V, Biojone C, ... Castrén E. Psychedelics promote plasticity by directly binding to BDNF receptor TrkB. Nat Neurosci 2023;26(6):1032-1041. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-023-01316-5. CC BY 4.0.
  • Gobira PH, Lima-Bastos S, Rossi R, ... Grassi-Oliveira R. Morphine reprograms brain-derived extracellular vesicle cargo associated with synaptic remodeling in the prefrontal cortex. Neurobiol Dis 2026;227:107501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2026.107501. CC BY 4.0.
  • Søkilde R, Kaadt E, Kristensen LS, ... Elfving B. Application of microRNA In Situ Hybridization on Long-term Stored Human Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Brain Samples from Psychiatric Patients. Mol Neurobiol 2025;62(10):12736-12746. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-025-05077-z. CC BY 4.0.
  • Iglesias LP, Chen F, Cecchi CR, Novelli MLT, van den Oever MC, Wegener G, Joca S. High-intensity fear engrams extend beyond threat processing to drive cognitive and affective dysfunction. bioRxiv 2026 (preprint, not peer reviewed). https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.15.751669. Copyright the author/funder. All rights reserved.
  • Biojone C, Casarotto PC, Cannarozzo C, Fred SM, Herrera-Rodríguez R, Lesnikova A, Voipio M, Castrén E. Nitric oxide-induced tyrosine nitration of TrkB impairs BDNF signaling and restrains neuronal plasticity. bioRxiv 2022 (the preprint of the Prog Neurobiol 2023 paper above; this is the page shown). https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.07.491033. Copyright the author/funder. All rights reserved.
  • Badurek S, Griguoli M, Asif-Malik A, ... Cherubini E, Minichiello L. Immature Dentate Granule Cells Require Ntrk2/Trkb for the Formation of Functional Hippocampal Circuitry. iScience 2020;23(5):101078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101078. CC BY 4.0.
  • Overby M, Desdorf LM, Kjølbye L, Rosendahl T, Weick JP, Schiøtt B, Berglund NA, Müller HK. Transmembrane domain interactions underlie NSG1 regulation of sortilin ectodomain shedding. J Biol Chem 2025;301(11):110804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbc.2025.110804. CC BY 4.0.
  • Kai LM, Iglesias LP, Kõiv K, Harro J, Wegener G. Ultrasonic vocalisations in the Flinders Sensitive Line rat, a genetic animal model of depression. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2025;37:e3. https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2024.61. CC BY.
  • Kjærgaard K, Mikkelsen ACD, Landau AM, ... Bay-Richter C, Thomsen KL. Cognitive dysfunction in early experimental metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is associated with systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation. JHEP Rep 2024;6(3):100992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100992. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
  • Thomsen MB, Schacht AC, Alstrup AKO, ... Landau AM. Preclinical PET Studies of [11C]UCB-J Binding in Minipig Brain. Mol Imaging Biol 2020;22(5):1290-1300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-020-01506-8. © World Molecular Imaging Society 2020 (Springer). All rights reserved.
  • Chen F, Danladi J, Wegener G, Madsen TM, Nyengaard JR. Sustained Ultrastructural Changes in Rat Hippocampal Formation After Repeated Electroconvulsive Seizures. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020;23(7):446-458. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyaa021. CC BY-NC 4.0.
  • Lillethorup TP, Glud AN, Alstrup AKO, Noer O, Nielsen EHT, Schacht AC, Landeck N, Kirik D, Orlowski D, Sørensen JCH, Doudet DJ, Landau AM. Longitudinal monoaminergic PET imaging of chronic proteasome inhibition in minipigs. Sci Rep 2018;8:15715. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34084-5. CC BY 4.0.
  • Austin R, Chander P, Zimmerman AJ, Overby M, Digilio L, Yap CC, Linsenbardt DN, Müller HK, Weick JP. Global loss of Neuron-specific gene 1 causes alterations in motor coordination, increased anxiety, and diurnal hyperactivity in male mice. Genes Brain Behav 2022;21(6):e12816. https://doi.org/10.1111/gbb.12816. CC BY.
  • Malik MY, Guo F, Asif-Malik A, Eftychidis V, Barkas N, Eliseeva E, ... Minichiello L. Impaired striatal glutathione-ascorbate metabolism induces transient dopamine increase and motor dysfunction. Nat Metab 2024;6(11):2100-2117. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-024-01155-z. CC BY 4.0.
  • Biojone C, Cannarozzo C, Seiffert N, Diniz CRAF, Brunello CA, Castrén E, Casarotto PC. Mutation in the TRKB Cholesterol Recognition Site that blocks Antidepressant Binding does not Influence the Basal or BDNF-Stimulated Activation of TRKB. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024;44:4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-023-01438-1. CC BY 4.0.
  • Landau AM, Jakobsen S, Thomsen MB, Alstrup AKO, Orlowski D, Jacobsen J, Wegener G, Mørk A, Sørensen JCH, Doudet DJ. Combined In Vivo Microdialysis and PET Studies to Validate [11C]Yohimbine Binding as a Marker of Noradrenaline Release. Biomolecules 2023;13(4):674. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040674. CC BY 4.0.
  • Chen F, Ardalan M, Elfving B, Wegener G, Madsen TM, Nyengaard JR. Mitochondria Are Critical for BDNF-Mediated Synaptic and Vascular Plasticity of Hippocampus following Repeated Electroconvulsive Seizures. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018;21(3):291-304. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyx115. CC BY-NC 4.0.
  • Binda KH, Real CC, Simonsen MT, Grove EK, Bender D, Gjedde A, Brooks DJ, Landau AM. Acute transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation modulates presynaptic SV2A density in healthy rat brain: An in vivo microPET study. Psychophysiology 2025;62(1):e14709. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.14709. CC BY-NC-ND.
  • Santi MM, Genovese E, Schou TM, da Silva M, Erhardt S, Schwieler L, ... Bay-Richter C. Neuropsychiatric- and cognitive post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: evidence from K18-hACE C57BL/6 J mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2025;28(10):pyaf072. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyaf072. CC BY 4.0.
  • Eliseeva E, Malik MY, Minichiello L. Ablation of TrkB from Enkephalinergic Precursor-Derived Cerebellar Granule Cells Generates Ataxia. Biology 2024;13(8):637. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13080637. CC BY 4.0.

The ground under the title (1:22.6 to about 1:26.6)

  • The aerial view of the Aarhus University Hospital campus at Skejby and the roof of the Forum tower, carried over from the segment before: GeoDanmark spring orthophoto. "Orthophoto: GeoDanmark / Klimadatastyrelsen, CC BY 4.0." Darkened and tinted navy, fading away from the tower. Details in segment 6's building sources.

Words and facts on screen

"Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit", "Aarhus University", "Department of Clinical Medicine · Aarhus University Hospital", the nine leaders' names and "Head of unit" all follow the unit's own website (https://tnu.au.dk). The light, the ring, the spokes and the sweep are drawn by code. They are not data.

Type

Sound

  • Narration: synthetic voice, made with ElevenLabs (model Eleven v4) using the library voice "Sael". Script by the TNU film team. ElevenLabs Creator plan (paid), which covers commercial use.
  • Music: an original instrumental made with Suno (model v6) on a Suno Premier plan ("Commercial use rights: Included"), 6 Nov 2026. It was extended by repeating bars 29-32 and mixed under the voice for this film.
  • No other recordings or stock audio are used.

← Back to the film